Welcome to our simple guide on the M104 CNC code. Whether you are new to CNC programming or an experienced machinist, understanding the M104 code is essential.
This guide will explain everything you need to know about this unit mode command—what it is, when to use it, and why it matters.
(Step-by-step.)
Key Takeaways
- M104 sets a new target hot end temperature without waiting for it to be reached, allowing for precise temperature control in 3D printing.
- Parameters such as target temperature (S), max auto-temperature (B), and hotend index (T) can be specified with the M104 command for customized temperature control.
- Firmware uses default values if M104 parameters are omitted, but behavior may vary depending on firmware and printer model, requiring consultation of specific documentation.
- Understanding interactions between G-code commands, including M104 and M109, is crucial for optimal printer operation and preventing issues like filament oozing.
- Advanced G-code topics, firmware-specific limitations, and considerations impact the M104 command’s behavior, making education and practice essential for optimal printer operation.
Understanding G-Code Basics
As you plunge into the world of 3D printing, understanding G-code basics is essential to reveal the full potential of your machine.
G-code commands control your printer’s movements and actions. One fundamental command is G1, used for linear movement.
When you issue a G1 command, your printer moves to a specific location on the X axis, Y axis, or Z axis. For instance, if you send the command “G1 X10”, your printer will move the toolhead 10 units along the X axis from its current position.
Understanding how to use G1 commands allows you to precisely control your printer’s movements and achieve accurate prints. By grasping G-code basics, you’ll tap into the full capabilities of your 3D printer and amplify your overall printing experience.
G-Code Command Overview
Six fundamental G-code commands form the foundation of 3D printing: G0, G1, G20, G21, M104, and M109.
You’ll use these commands to control your 3D printer and start printing.
M104 is one of these essential G-code commands, which sets a new target hot end temperature without waiting for it to be reached.
You can start using M104 by specifying parameters like the target temperature, max auto-temperature, and material preset index.
If you omit these parameters, the command will use default values.
M104 is often used in conjunction with other G-code commands, like M109, to achieve specific 3D printing tasks.
Understanding these fundamental G-code commands is vital to getting started with 3D printing.
M104 Command Details
Now that you’re familiar with the fundamental G-code commands, let’s examine the M104 command in more detail.
The M104 command sets a new target hot end temperature and continues without waiting for the temperature to be reached, with the firmware continuing to try to reach and hold the temperature in the background.
You can specify parameters such as the target temperature (S), max auto-temperature (B), and hotend index (T) to customize the command’s behavior.
The firmware will use default values if you omit these parameters.
Keep in mind that the behavior of M104 may vary depending on your firmware and printer model, so be sure to consult your specific documentation for more information.
Using and Editing G-Code
You can use G-code commands to gain greater control over your 3D printer, and understanding how to use and edit them can help you debug issues, perform maintenance tasks, and even create custom routines for specific print jobs. For instance, you can use G-code to move the toolhead to specific X and Y coordinates, extrude or retract filament, or create custom scripts for start and end routines.
| G-Code Command | Description | Benefit |
|---|---|---|
| G28 | Homes the printer | Guarantees accurate positioning |
| G1 X10 Y20 | Moves toolhead to X10 Y20 | Allows precise movement |
| M104 | Sets extruder temperature | Enables temperature control |
| M82 | Turns off extruder motor | Prevents filament oozing |
| G92 | Sets coordinates to zero | Simplifies relative positioning |
Command Parameters and Examples
You’ll need to understand the various parameters that come with the M104 command to use it effectively.
These parameters include the target temperature, autotemp parameters, and hotend index, which allow you to customize the command to your specific needs.
Target Temperature
When setting a new target temperature for your hot end, the M104 command allows you to do so without waiting for the temperature to be reached, as the firmware continues to try to reach and hold the temperature in the background.
This command is essential for effective temperature control and thermal regulation in heat management. You can set the target temperature using the [Stemp] parameter, such as M104 S185 to set the target temperature for the active hotend.
You can also set the target temperature for a specific hotend by including the [Tindex] parameter, like M104 T1 S205 to set the target temperature for E1. This command provides flexibility in your temperature control, allowing you to optimize your heat management for different materials and printing conditions.
Autotemp Parameters
M104’s autotemp parameters offer a range of customization options for your temperature control.
You can set the maximum auto-temperature with the [Btemp] parameter, which defines the highest temperature the hotend can reach during autotemp mode. The [Fflag] parameter enables or disables autotemp functionality, with a value of 1 enabling it and 0 disabling it.
You can also set temperature limits and flag settings to fine-tune your temperature control. The [Iindex] parameter overrides the [Stemp] parameter, allowing you to select a specific temperature profile for a particular filament type.
Hotend Index
Specifying the correct hotend index is crucial in multi-extruder printers, as it allows you to target a specific extruder for precise temperature control.
The hotend index parameter [Tindex] in the M104 command sets the temperature for a specific hotend, defaulting to 0 if omitted. In multi-extruder management, correctly setting the hotend index guarantees temperature precision.
You can specify a hotend index ranging from 0 to the maximum number supported by your firmware. For instance, M104 S200 T1 sets the target temperature to 200°C for hotend 1, while M104 S200 sets it for the default hotend (hotend 0).
Failing to specify the hotend index can lead to unintended temperature changes, highlighting its importance in hotend organization and temperature control.
Related Codes and Variations
You’ll often find M104 paired with other codes to achieve precise temperature control and cooling. These code combinations allow for a high degree of customization and flexibility in your printing process. For example, M104 is often used with M109 to wait for the hot end to reach the target temperature, and M106 for fan control.
| Code | Function | Example |
|---|---|---|
| M104 | Set hot end temperature | M104 S210 |
| M109 | Wait for hot end temperature | M109 S210 |
| M106 | Control fan speed | M106 S255 |
| M104 [Btemp] | Set max auto-temperature | M104 S210 B220 |
| M104 [Fflag] | Enable/disable autotemp | M104 S210 F1 |
Notes and Limitations
When working with M104, it’s important to keep in mind that this code operates within certain boundaries and has specific dependencies.
You’ll need to examine printer specific considerations, such as AUTOTEMP settings that affect the minimum and maximum auto-temperatures. Additionally, temperature limitations come into play, as M104 won’t work if the temperature is below EXTRUDE_MINTEMP.
Firmware variations also impact the command’s behavior, so it’s essential to consult your printer’s documentation for specific limitations and deliberations.
Moreover, you should be aware that M104 isn’t permanent and can be stopped by rebooting the printer, which resets all settings to their default values.
Advanced G-Code Topics
Your M104 command’s behavior can be influenced by a range of advanced G-code topics, which are essential to understand for ideal printer operation.
These topics include the use of AUTOTEMP, which sets the min and max auto-temperatures, and PRINTJOB_TIMER_AUTOSTART, which affects the print job timer. You must consider these factors to guarantee seamless integration with your CNC machining, advanced robotics, and industrial automation systems.
Understanding how M104 interacts with other G-code commands, such as M109, is also pivotal. Additionally, you should be aware of the firmware-specific limitations and considerations that may impact the M104 command’s behavior.
CNC Codes Similar to M104
| Code | Mode |
|---|---|
| M102 | Auxiliary function 2 |
| M103 | Auxiliary function 3 |
| M105 | Auxiliary function 5 |
| M106 | Auxiliary function 6 |
| M107 | Auxiliary function 7 |
| M108 | Auxiliary function 8 |
| M109 | Auxiliary function 9 |
| M110 | Auxiliary function 10 |
| M110 | Tool tip measurement TOL start |
| M111 | Tool tip measurement TOL end |
| M112 | External tool compensation EXT start |
| M113 | External tool compensation EXT end |
| M114 | Z-axis offset measurement ZOF start |
| M115 | Z-axis offset measurement ZOF end |
| M116 | C-axis offset measurement COF start |
| M117 | C-axis offset measurement COF end |
| M120 | Measurement data print out |
| M150 | Workpiece unload demand to robot |
| M151 | Milling spindle through air blow ON |
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